6 This left only 45% as ‘natural’ or ‘semi-natural’ land. (2010) found that by 2000, 55% of Earth’s ice-free (not simply habitable) land had been converted into cropland, pasture, and urban areas. Other studies find similar distributions of global land: in an analysis of how humans have transformed global land use in recent centuries, Ellis et al.Tackling what we eat, and how we produce our food, plays a key role in tackling climate change, reducing water stress and pollution, restoring lands back to forests or grasslands, and protecting the world’s wildlife. This means poultry livestock outweigh wild birds by a factor of more than 3-to-1. 71% of bird biomass is poultry livestock.4 This share is 97% when only land-based mammals are included. This means livestock outweigh wild mammals by a factor of 15-to-1. 94% of non-human mammal biomass is livestock.3 Eutrophication is the pollution of waterways with nutrient-rich water. 78% of global ocean and freshwater eutrophication is caused by agriculture.70% of global freshwater withdrawals are used for agriculture 2.Habitable land is land that is ice- and desert-free. Half of the world’s habitable land is used for agriculture.Food production accounts for over a quarter (26%) of global greenhouse gas emissions.The visualization here shows a summary of some of the main global impacts: What are the environmental impacts of food and agriculture? On this page, you can find our data, visualizations, and writing relating to the environmental impacts of food.įood production has a large environmental impact in several ways Wildlife can rebound if we reduce agricultural land use and allow natural lands to restore.Įnsuring everyone has access to a nutritious diet sustainably is one of the most significant challenges we face. This loss of natural habitat has been the main driver for reducing the world’s biodiversity. Large parts of the world that were once covered by forests and wildlands are now used for agriculture. Half of the world’s habitable land is used for agriculture. It is a crucial driver of climate change, responsible for around one-quarter of the world’s greenhouse gas emissions.įinally, agriculture has a massive impact on the world’s environment due to its enormous land use. It needs water as input and pollutes rivers, lakes, and oceans by releasing nutrients. Agriculture has a significant environmental impact in three key ways.įirst, it requires large amounts of fresh water, which can cause significant environmental pressures in regions with water stress.
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